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espanolLa propuesta de introducir mecanismos de mercado en educacion ha impulsado el debate politico y la investigacion sobre la eleccion de escuela por las familias. Chile ha sido un caso paradigmatico al respecto, implementando una comprehensiva reforma educacional neoliberal, uno de cuyos efectos mas relevantes ha sido una acelerada privatizacion, especialmente entre sectores sociales medios. El objetivo del estudio fue comprender el sentido que tiene para los padres chilenos de sectores medios elegir un colegio privado para sus hijos, para lo cual realizamos entrevistas en profundidad y grupos de discusion en dos zonas prototipicas de clase media en Santiago. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que las familias deciden orientandose esencialmente por razones sociales, procurando separarse de grupos socioeconomicamente inferiores (considerados riesgosos), lo cual les hace descartar escuelas publicas, gratuitas y no selectivas, y valorar escuelas que ofrecen un fuerte control disciplinario. Criterios educacionales son asi supeditados a la busqueda de segregacion socioeducativa. EnglishThe idea of introducing market mechanisms to education has prompted a political debate and research around school choice. Chile has been a paradigmatic case on this, implementing a comprehensive neoliberal educational reform; a relevant effect has been a rapid educational privatization, especially among the middle classes. The objective of this study was to understand the meaning of choosing a private school according to middle class parents. We conducted in depth interviews and focus groups with parents living in two middle class areas of Santiago. Our findings show that parents make decisions mainly oriented by social reasons, trying to avoid lower socioeconomic groups (considered to be risky), which makes them to discard public, free, and non-selective schools, and value schools that offer a strong disciplinary control. Thus, educational criteria are subordinated to the search for socio-educational segregation.

¿Por qué elegir una escuela privada subvencionada? Sectores medios emergentes y elección de escuela en un sistema de mercado