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SUMMARY: The gonadal arteries, lateral branches of the abdominal aorta, usually arise distal to the renal vessels. Knowledgeof the origin and course of them, particularly their relationships with renal vessels, are important for uncomplicated surgical procedureson the posterior abdominal wall. So the relationship of the testicular artery and renal vessels were studied in 80 cadavers in CalcuttaNational Medical College, India and detected three rare variations. We have discussed the possible clinical implications and embryologicalexplanation with review of literature of those variations. KEY WORDS: Testicular artery; Renal artery; Gonadal artery. INTRODUCTION The testicular arteries are two long slendervessels that arise from the abdominal aorta, a little in-ferior to the renal artery. Right testicular artery runsanterior to the inferior vena cava, deep to the horizon-tal part of the duodenum. Left testicular artery runsbehind inferior mesenteric vein and crossesgenitofemoral nerve and ureter anteriorly to reachinguinal canal (Standring, 2005).Notkovitch (1956) described three patterns oftesticular artery. Type I: The artery after starting fromthe aorta descends directly without any contact withthe renal vein. Type II: Origin of the artery is at a higherlevel than the renal vein and crosses the vein directlylying in front. Type III: The artery after arising at alower level arches around the renal vein to descend.Knowledge of the course of the testicular artery as wellas its relationship with the renal vein is important forsurgical approach in this region (e.g. in renaltransplantation) and for proper interpretation ofangiographic procedures. The retroperitoneal dissectionof the cadavers were done carefully to delineate thetesticular vessels and to study their relationship withrenal vessels. While doing so we got certaincombinations of variations, which are rare in literature.

Three Rare Variations in the Course of the Gonadal Artery