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Extremely premature children represent a biologically vulnerable population which results from some conditions present at birth: early and prolonged hospitalization in a life-threatening condition. These children often present not only cognitive deficit, but also socialaffective difficulties and impaired infant- parent attachment. Therefore, it could be predicted that there would be adverse consequences in the development of their personality structure. Considering this background, the objective of this study was to identify the characteristics inherent to the components of the structure of personality development in children with a history of extreme prematurity. Method: The identified characteristics of 33 children aged between 4 and 5.11 months belonging to the extreme premature following policlinic of the Centro de Referencia de Salud Cordillera Oriente were compared with the characteristics of children without this background. Both groups of children reside in Santiago, Chile. The Child Apperception Test (CAT-A), a widely used projective technique in child psychological diagnosis and a specifically designed guideline aimed to the assessment of the development level of personality were used in this study. Results and Conclusions: The studied characteristics in these children were inherent and more primitive than the characteristics of children without this background. Was detected in children with a history of extreme prematurity indicators that account for the development of the structure of different children in the comparison group personality.

Exploración de los componentes de la estructura de la personalidad en desarrollo de niños preescolares con antecedente de prematuridad extrema