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espanolLa problematizacion de la relacion entre individuo y sociedad ha atravesado la historia de las ciencias sociales. El objetivo de este escrito es mostrar la originalidad de los planteamientos de Freud sobre el topico, a traves de un analisis comparativo con las aproximaciones propias de las corrientes socioantropologicas de la escuela de Cultura y Personalidad (Mead, Benedict y Linton) y de la Sociologia Francesa (Durkheim, Mauss y Levi-Strauss). Nuestra investigacion se baso en un analisis bibliografico tanto de algunos textos socioantropologicos claves sobre dicho debate, como de la produccion freudiana pertinente. La interpretacion del material freudiano se organizo segun tres topicos: a) la afirmacion de la determinacion simbolica del sintoma, b) la borradura metodologica de la distincion individuo sociedad, y c) la teorizacion de una eficacia mitica, transindividual y transhistorica. Concluimos subrayando los aportes del pensamiento de Freud a la discusion: la afirmacion de la determinacion simbolica ofrece las condiciones para la superacion de la relacion de externalidad entre el polo del individuo y el de la sociedad, y el consecuente rechazo a una relacion especular entre ambos. EnglishThe relation between individual and society has been a main topic across the history of social sciences. The aim of this paper is to show the originality of Sigmund Freud's ideas about the topic, through a comparative analysis with the approaches of the socio-anthropological currents of the school of Culture and Personality (Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict, Ralph Linton) and of French Sociology (Emile Durkheim, Marcel Mauss and Claude Levi-Strauss). Our research was based on a bibliographical analysis of some key socio-anthropological texts on this debate, as well as the relevant Freudian production. The interpretation of the Freudian material was organized according to three topics: a) the affirmation of the symbolic determination of symptoms, b) the methodological erasure of the individual society distinction, and c) the theorization of a mythical, transindividual and transhistorical efficacy. We conclude by emphasizing the contributions of Freud's thought to the discussion: the affirmation of symbolic determination offers the conditions for overcoming the externality relation between the pole of the individual and that of society, and the consequent rejection of a specular relationship between the two.

Del inconsciente hacia la función simbólica: la originalidad del aporte freudiano frente el debate individuo sociedad