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Bacterial endotoxin (LPS) is responsible for much of the widespread inflammatory response seen in sepsis, a condition often accompanied by acute renal failure (ARF). In this work we report that mice deficient in TNFR1 (TNFR1(-/-)) were resistant to LPS-induced renal failure. Compared with TNFR1(+/+) controls, TNFR1(-/-) mice had less apoptosis in renal cells and fewer neutrophils infiltrating the kidney following LPS administration, supporting these as mediators of ARF. TNFR1(+/+) kidneys transplanted into TNFR1(-/-) mice sustained severe ARF after LPS injection, which was not the case with TNFR1(-/-) kidneys transplanted into TNFR1(+/+) mice. Therefore, TNF is a key mediator of LPS-induced ARF, acting through its receptor TNFR1 in the kidney.

Acute Renal Failure in Endotoxemia Is Caused by TNF Acting Directly on TNF Receptor-1 in Kidney