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Increasing water use efficiency (WUE), which is defined as the biomass increase per unit of water transpired, is a promising avenue for crop yield improvement, especially in drought-prone environments. The present study tested whether significant inter-varietal variation exists for WUE in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under weil-watered and water-stressed conditions. Four varieties of common bean ('Cordoba', Werina', (Top Crop' and 'Wade') were grown in pots within a rainsheltered plant house. Two water treatments were imposed by maintainingplants at75% (well-watered) and 45% (water-stressed) of field capacity (FC). Transpirationand biomass accumulation were measured by daily weighing and destructive samplingrespectively. Biomass accumulation was linearly related to cumulative transpiration in all variety x water combinations. When averaged across all varieties, mean seasonal water use efficiency (WUE,) under water stress (4.025 f 0.102 gkgl) was significantly higher than under well-watered conditions (3.532 + 0.068 gkgl). Within a given water regime, there was significant inter-varietal variation of WE, However, the ranking of varietal WUE, differed with water regimes.. Wade' had the highest WE," at 75% FC while Werina' had the highest WUE, at 45% FC. Periodic WUE (WUEp) was significantly higher duringthe initial 13-day period. Following a subsequent decline, a significant increase in WUEp was observed during the pod-filling period. WEp had significant linear relationships with relative growth rate and net assimilation rate. However, no significant relation- ship was found between WUEpand specific leaf area. It is recommended that the significant varietal variation in WE present in COmmOd bean germplasm be used in breeding for drought tolerance. However, varietal screening should be done under both well-watered and water-stressed conditions to ensure a variety which would perform well under fluctuating seasonal environments.

Effects of water stress on water use efficiency of different varieties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)