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Uniform Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film is essential for application in high performance solar cells. A low cost approach using TiO2 nanopowder extracted from tin mining waste to deposit TiO2 thin films is demonstrated in this paper. Furthermore, the influence of different solvents (ethanol, acetone, isopropanol and ethylene glycol) on the formation of uniform TiO2 thin films in sol-gel technique is studied. The films were characterized by an atomic force microscope (AFM), ultra violet – visible spectrometer (UV-Vis) and a current-voltage (I-V) measurement system. The correlations of the structural, optical and electrical behavior to the type of solvent used were discussed in details.

Influence of Different Solvents on the Formation of Uniform Titanium Dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) Thin Film by Sol-Gel