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O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a influência do fotoperíodo no cultivo de pós-larvas de piracanjuba Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1849) (Osteichthyes, Characidae), submetidas a quatro tratamentos: 0L-24E (L=Luz; E= Escuro), 10L-14E, 14L-10E e 24L-0E, com três 3 repetições. Pós-larvas com comprimento de 7,8&plusmn;0,7mm e com peso de 3,5&plusmn;0,8mg foram distribuídas em 12 aquários de 10L, estocados com 12 pós-larvas por aquário. Os indivíduos foram diariamente alimentados com naúplios de Artemia, ao longo dos 10 dias de experimento. Ao final, observou-se relação positiva entre a sobrevivência e o aumento do período com luz, sendo o maior valor de sobrevivência 88,9&plusmn;9,7%, obtido no tratamento com 24 horas de luminosidade, e o menor valor 58,3&plusmn;8,3%, no tratamento com 24 horas em escuridão. O comprimento e peso das pós-larvas de piracanjuba não apresentaram diferenças significativas (P>0,05) entre os diferentes tratamentos, porém foi observada uma maior heterogeneidade entre as pós-larvas cultivadas com maior período de escuridão. This paper aims at studying the influence of photoperiod on the cultivation of Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1849) (Osteichthyes, Characidae) post-larvae submitted to four treatments: 0L-24D (L=Light; D=Dark), 10 - L14D, 14L - 10D and 24L-0D, with 3 repetitions. Post-larvae measuring 7.8&plusmn;0.7mm and weighting 3.5&plusmn;0.8mg were distributed in 12 aquariums (10L), stocked with 12 post-larvae per aquarium. Fishes were fed daily with Artemia sp. nauplii, in 10 days experiment. A positive relationship between the survival rate (88.9&plusmn;9.7%) observed in the treatment with 24 hours of luminosity, and the lowest (58.3&plusmn;8.3%), in the treatment with 24 hours of darkness. No difference was showed (P>0.05) in the mean length and weight of the post-larvae, although there was greater heterogeneity among the post-larvae cultivated at the longer darkness period

Influence of photoperiod on the growth and survival of piranjuba post-larvae Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1849) (Osteichthyes, Characidae)