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O xaxim desfibrado e o esfagno são os substratos mais utilizados pelos produtores brasileiros para aclimatização de orquídeas, porém ambos correm o risco de serem extintos e a coleta está proibida pelo Ibama. Desta forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de substratos alternativos no desenvolvimento de plântulas de Cattleya intermédia, durante a etapa de aclimatização. Os substratos testados foram: xaxim desfibrado; esfagno; casca de arroz carbonizada; casca de pínus + fibra de coco (1:1 v v-1); casca de pínus; fibra de coco. Após dez meses, foram avaliados: comprimento de parte aérea; comprimento da maior raiz; número de pseudobulbos; número de raízes; massa fresca total; pH do substrato; condutividade elétrica do substrato. Verificou-se que o substrato fibra de coco e a mistura de casca de pínus + fibra de coco (1:1 v v-1) são os mais indicados como alternativa ao xaxim e ao esfagno para o cultivo de Cattleya intermédia, durante a etapa de aclimatização.The tree fern fiber and sphagno are the most utilized substrates by Brazilian producers for the acclimatization of orchids; however, both are considered endangered species and their collection is forbidden by the authorities. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of alternative substrates in the development of Cattleya intermedia plantules during the acclimatization stage. The tested substrates were:  tree fern fiber; sphagno; carbonized rice hull; pinus bark + coconut fiber (1:1 v v-1); pinus bark; coconut fiber. After 10 months, the following were evaluated: length of aerial part; length of the bigger root; number of pseudobulbs; number of roots; total fresh mass; pH of the substrate; electric conductivity of the substrate. It was verified that the substrate of coconut fiber and the mixture of pinus bark + coconut fiber (1:1 v v-1) are the most indicated as alternatives to tree fern fiber and sphagno for the cultivation of Cattleya intermedia during the acclimatization stage

Aclimatização de <em>Cattleya</em> (Orchidaceae), em substratos alternativos ao xaxim e ao esfagno