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Studies have shown that enamel can be modified by pulsed CO2 laser to form a more acid-resistant substrate. This study evaluated the effects of a 10.6-microm CO2 laser on enamel surface morphology and chemical composition as well as monitored intrapulpal temperature changes during irradiation. Human teeth were irradiated with fluences of 1.5-11.5 J/cm2, and pulpal thermal as well as chemical and morphological modifications on enamel were assessed. The teeth were submitted to a pH-cycling model, and the mineral loss was determined by means of cross-sectional microhardness. For all irradiated groups, intrapulpal temperature changes were below 3 degrees C. FT-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicated that fluences as low as 6.0 J/cm2 were sufficient to induce chemical and morphological changes in enamel. Then, for fluences reaching or exceeding 10.0 J/cm2, laser-induced inhibitory effects on demineralization were observed. It was thus concluded that laser energy density in the range of 10.0 and 11.5 J/cm2 could be applied to dental enamel in order to produce chemical and morphological changes and reduce the acid reactivity of enamel without compromising the pulp vitality.

Chemical, Morphological and Thermal Effects of 10.6-.MU.m CO2 Laser on the Inhibition of Enamel Demineralization