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Two types of synthetic carbonate apatite [potassium-containing carbonate apatite (CAK) and sodium-containing carbonate apatite (CANa)] were prepared and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The chemical formulas of carbonate apatite were determined to be Ca 9.36 K 0.12 (PO 4 ) 5.12 (CO 3 ) 0.88 (OH) 1.73 and Ca 8.72 Na 1.33 (PO 4 ) 4.96 (CO 3 ) 1.04 (OH) 1.80 , respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the final weight loss at 1,200°C reached about 11.2% for CAK and 13.9% for CANa. Carbonate loss gradually occurred above 150°C and continued to 1,200°C. The crystallinity of the apatite phase was found to be much improved between 800 and 850°C for CAK and 750 and 800°C for CANa, where rapid carbonate loss occurred. A small amount of CaO formed above 900°C. For CANa, NaCaPO 4 also formed above 700°C in both apatites. Although the lattice parameters of the carbonate apatites varied with temperature, the final a and c lattice parameters attained constant values of 0.9421 and 0.6881 nm.

Characterization and thermal decomposition of synthetic carbonate apatite powders prepared using different alkali metal salts