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International audienceThis paper proposes a systemic and dynamic approach of the vulnerability of territories to coastal risks. The approach is applied to two Small Island Developing States, the Maldives and Kiribati. The authors present the 'resources system" of such states and they discuss how the predictable impacts of climate change might affect their vulnerability. In addition, they expose the adaptive strategies developed by those island states as pioneers of adaptation, as they are on the first line of climate change impacts. It also shows that such countries raise major issues that are also relevant in other territorial contexts.Cet article propose une lecture originale de la vulnérabilité des territoires aux risques naturels liés à la mer. À partir de l'analyse des cas des archipels coralliens des Kiribati (océan Pacifique) et des Maldives (océan Indien), il place au cœur de la démarche la notion de " système de ressources ", fondée sur les caractéristiques à la fois physiques et anthropiques de ces pays. Ce faisant, il montre quelles interactions jouent aujourd'hui, qui expliquent le caractère systémique de la vulnérabilité, et en quoi le changement climatique accentuera ces jeux de rétroactions. Cela amène les auteurs à voir les États coralliens comme des cas éclairants sur les impacts qui risquent d'affecter d'autres communautés littorales de par le monde, et comme des précurseurs de stratégies concrètes d'adaptation au changement climatique, par-delà leurs spécificités

Des archipels en péril ? Les Maldives et les Kiribati face au changement climatique