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This paper describes the Oksapmin representations of land ownership related to the frame of the water use permit payment process, engaged by Porgera Joint Venture (PJV) as a consequence of the ecological impact of the mine operations on the Lagaip-Strickland basin. Even if the Oksapmin society has been fully evangelized during the last two generations, the landowners have recently stressed the pre-contact exegesis in the claims against that foreign mining company. In this essay the author formulates the hypothesis that the claims to the former animist beliefs may be a social strategy to manage land ownership. This strategy provokes, on the side of private companies, a monetary compensation for the «eco-cultural» impact of mining operations. The land issues focus today on the rediscovery of tradition in order to integrate it to modernity. Tradition then acquires a new original rule in contemporary society. The water spirits and the river sacred sites are re-interpreted and perceived as the guardians of land rights, held by mythical actors at the beginning of time.

From fertility rituals to mining companies: eco-cultural issues and land rights in Oksapmin