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Ogier le Danois arrived in Italy with chansons de geste in the 13th century. Ogier’s life story was developed in Franco-Italian and Tuscan texts including his adventures, adding and subtracting details to accounts of his enfances and chevalerie. But one element remained constant: his sword, Curtana. That sword became a symbol of the character through all his transformations (and in any format: chanson de geste, ottava rima, prose), throughout his life cycle from the time he became a knight, when he took it from a Saracen whom he defeated. Ogier only killed when provoked or challenged, and held his hand when offered revenge. Curtana thus represented steadfast and measured character, and was claimed by rulers – such as the Gonzaga – as a symbol of their own positive attributes, and a warning about their combative abilities.

“Qe sor les autres è de gran valor”: Ogier le Danois in the Italian Tradition1