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L’objectif de cette recherche doctorale est d’analyser le rôle de la congestion automobile dans la vie quotidienne des ménages motorisés métropolitains. Nous partons de la définition de la congestion automobile comme une perturbation interne du système automobile. À partir d’une approche systémique et comparative, nous étudions les manifestations sociales, spatiales et temporelles de la congestion automobile en Île-de-France et dans deux métropoles de pays émergents, São Paulo au Brésil et Mumbai en Inde. Puis, nous examinons comment la puissance publique, les acteurs collectifs intermédiaires et les ménages motorisés de ces métropoles s’adaptent à la congestion. O objetivo desta tese de doutorado é analisar o impacto do congestionamento do tráfego na vida diária das famílias motorizadas das grandes cidades. Congestionamento de tráfego é definido como uma perturbação interna do sistema automóvel. A partir de uma abordagem comparativa e sistemática, estudamos as características sociais, espaciais e temporais de congestionamento de tráfego na região de Paris e em duas grandes cidades do mundo em desenvolvimento, São Paulo no Brasil e Mumbai na Índia. Em seguida, examinamos como as autoridades públicas, empresas, organizações e famílias com carros adaptam-se ao congestionamento nas três regiões selecionadas. This PhD research studies the impact of traffic congestion in the daily life of metropolitan motorized households. Traffic congestion is defined as an internal perturbation of the automobile-based system. Adopting a systemic and comparative approach, we diagnose social, spatial and temporal characteristics of traffic congestion in the Paris region and in two mega cities of the developing world, São Paulo in Brazil and Mumbai in India. Then, we proceed to analyze the responses of public authorities, companies, organizations, and motorized households regarding traffic congestion in the three selected regions

Les stratégies d’adaptation à la congestion automobile dans les grandes métropoles: analyse à partir des cas de Paris, São Paulo et Mumbai