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9 páginas, 5 figuras, 6 tablas.[EN] The present study aims to analyse the local and regional variability in the density and typology of marine debris on fishing grounds on the northern Mediterranean continental shelf, and to test relationships between marine litter and trawl fishing activity. Moreover, the colonization of plastics was examined in order to study the importance of plastics as a source of impact on marine communities and their further environmental implications. This study surveyed 11 sites, associated with trawling grounds and subjected to different levels of fishing intensity, located in four areas of the Mediterranean: one in Italy, the Central Tyrrhenian coast, one in Greece, the eastern Ionian coast, and two in Spain, the Murcian and Catalan coasts. Samples were collected during an oceanographic cruise undertaken from the 21 May to the 24 June 2009. Results showed geographical variation in the density of marine debris which ranged from 0 to 405 pieces per hectare in the surveyed areas, plastics being the dominant components. Variability within sites was higher than between areas, indicating small-scale patchiness in the distribution of the debris over the seafloor. Though the study areas were within trawling grounds, the density of debris was not significantly correlated with fishing effort. More than 30% of plastics were between 10 and 20 cm width/length, and more than 40% of the plastics were colonized by a biofilm of microorganisms, suggesting indirect effects on benthic communities.[ES] Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la variabilidad local y regional de la basura marina en caladeros de pescas de la plataforma continental mediterránea septentrional y estudiar la relación entre ésta y la actividad pesquera. En este estudio se examinaron once estaciones de muestreo asociadas a caladeros de pesca, sujetas a distintos niveles de esfuerzo y situadas en 4 áreas en el Mediterráneo: una en Italia, en la costa central del Tirreno (TC), otra en Grecia, en la costa jónica occidental (IC) y otras dos en España, en las costas murciana y catalana (MC y CC). Las muestras se obtuvieron durante una campaña oceanográfica llevada a cabo entre el 21 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2009. Los resultados mostraron una variación geográfica en la densidad de basura marina comprendida entre 0 y 405 piezas por hectárea en las áreas muestreadas, siendo los plásticos el componente principal. La variabilidad entre estaciones resultó más alta que la variabilidad entre áreas, lo que indica una heterogeneidad a pequeña escala en la distribución de la basura sobre el fondo. Aunque las áreas de estudio estaban situadas en caladeros pesqueros, la densidad de basura no mostró una correlación significativa con el esfuerzo de pesca. Más del 40% de los plásticos se encontraron colonizados por un biofilm de microorganismos y más del 40% presentaba dimensiones de entre 10 y 20 cm ancho/largo. Se examinó la colonización de los plásticos con el fin de estudiar su importancia como fuente de impacto en las comunidades marinas y sus posibles implicaciones ambientales.Data used in this work were collected in the framework of the research project COMSOM (CTM2008-04617/MAR) funded by the Spanish “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación”. We thank our colleagues A. Ligas, M. Sartini, Ch. Mytilineou, K. Papadopoulou, P. Sartor and P. Martín for their collaboration. The authors wish to thank to the crew of the V/R Garcia del Cid and the participants of the oceanographic cruise.Peer reviewe

Baseline study of the distribution of marine debris on soft-bottom habitats associated with trawling grounds in the northern Mediterranean