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22 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables.[EN] Two new species of hydromedusae (Foersteria antoniae and Cunina simplex) are described from plankton\udcollected in sediment traps placed in the Lacaze-Duthiers Submarine Canyon and along Banyuls-sur-Mer coast (northwestern\udMediterranean). The Mediterranean hydromedusan deep-water fauna contains 41 species which represent 45.5 % of the\udworld-wide deep-sea hydromedusae fauna (90) and 20% of the total number of Mediterranean hydromedusae (204). The\udMediterranean deep-water hydromedusan fauna is characterised by a large percentage of holoplanktonic species (61%),\udmainly Trachymedusae. Nevertheless, contrary to the general opinion, the percentage of meroplanktonic species is equally\udhigh. The most original features of this fauna lies however in the importance of the number of endemic species (22%) and\udin the fact that the majority of them are meroplanktonic Leptomedusae with a supposed bathybenthonic stage. Some of the\udendemic species could still represent relics of the primitive Tethys fauna having survived to the Messinian crisis. The origin\udof the Mediterranean deep-water hydromedusan fauna is discussed and a general hypothesis is proposed.[ES] Se describen dos especies nuevas a partir\udde ejemplares recolectados mediante trampas de sedimento del cañón submarino de Lacaze-Duthiers situado en frente de\udla costa de Banyuls-sur-Mer (Mediterráneo noroccidental). La fauna profunda de hydromedusas en el Mediterráneo contiene\ud41 especies que representan 45.5 % de la fauna mundial del grupo y el 20% de la fauna de hydromedusas del Mediterráneo.\udLa fauna Mediterránea de hydromedusas profundas se caracteriza por un gran porcentaje de especies holoplanctónicas\ud(61%), fundamentalmente Trachymedusas, sin embargo, contrario a la opinión generalizada, el porcentaje de especies meroplanctónicas\udes igualmente importante (39%). La característica más interesante de esta fauna es el número de especies\udendémicas (22%) y el hecho de que la mayoría de estas especies son meroplanctónicas (Leptomedusas) con una supuesta\udfase bentónica. Algunas de estas especies endémicas, podrían ser especies relictas (endémica insular) de la fauna primitiva\uddel Tetis que sobrevivieron a la crisis Mesiniana. Se discute el origen de la fauna de hydromedusas profundas en el Mediterráneo\udy se presenta una nueva hipótesis.This work was supported by the European Communities\udresearch program EUROMARGE and has\udbeen finished within the framework of the LEA\ud(Associated Marine Laboratory) “Marine Sciences”.\udWe acknowledge the support from the European\udCommission’s Marine Science and Technology Programme\ud(MAST III) under contract MAS3-CT96-\ud0051. J.B. received the support of the Belgian\ud“Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique”.Peer reviewe

scientia marina

Hidromedusas profundas del Mediterráneo: Un estudio que incluye la descripción de dos nuevas especies recolectadas en cañones submarinos del Mediterráneo Occidental