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In the context of natural disasters, education is a method to achieve mitigating actions in case of severe damage caused by different sources.In regions prone to seismic activity, education  is only a part of what can be defined as "earthquake hazard preparedness". Nevertheless, it is a significant part indeed, as it involves the building  of awareness, the establishment of a culture of prevention,  and even the increase  of safety when it acts on the process of making future decisions. Bearing this in mind, the UPStrat-MAFA (Urban disasters Prevention  Strategies using MAcroseismic Faults) projects relied on education to promote risk mitigation.Throughout the two-year long project (from 2012 to 2013), we analysed  the weight  that  seismic-related topics  have  in  the current  education  system  within  three European  countries  prone  to  seismic  hazards. Highlighting the  major  weaknesses  we  found,  we developed strategies to cope with the urge of a culture of safety. We are aware that children have a great potential as: (1) they are capable to learn behaviours that will be recalled in case of danger, (2) they are our best choice in terms of spreading culture of safety and best practices through a domino-effect  (Cardona 2007; Stoltman et al. 2007; Wisner 2006; Kuhlicke  et al. 2011), and (3) they represent  citizens  who  will  play a role in the future  decision­making process. Therefore, we focussed on compulsory education to give a ground level evaluation of what is accessible to pupils and students. Assessments of the educational curricula on natural hazards and accessibility  to risk reduction  information  have highlighted  how schools worldwide  are greatly unprepared  in their  natural  hazards  education   (Komac   et  al.,  2013).  The  study  revealed  that seismology-related topics are not mandatory  subjects, while state education  plans might not provide efficient  raise  in awareness  because  of  unconscious learning   underestimation. Children   do  not approach hazard education at an early age, namely when non-cognitive side of awareness has a better chance to be imprinted in mind. Conversely, valuable results may be lost by not teaching  in late years of compulsory  education, allowing in-depth understanding of the subject. Except for Iceland, NaturalHazards and related Earth-Science  subjects become part of science education only at late age and only if students  have chosen  science  curricula. In conclusions, schools  and the need  of a more efficient education in seismic and volcanic hazards do not seem to be tuned up.Moving from this evidence, we took actions for earthquake hazard education encompassing various  tools that  might be attractive  for  children.  Hands-on  and  learn-by-playing approaches  are among the best choices to raise children interests. Accordingly, we developed a video-game, which  revealed  to be a successful  tool. This educational  game provides  a very useful  way to help students gain knowledge and preparedness awareness, develop life-skills and positive safe habits in all ages.The game is available online for free.We  have  also  observed   that  people  often  lack  understanding or  motivation   to  absorbinformation  provided  by media, concerning earthquake hazard and risk. Since  education  is not just schooling and is not only meant to reach children, we prepared five audio-video products addressed to a broad audience, from children to adults. Research has shown that the memory of a disaster remains preserved in the social sphere only for a certain period of time, unless it is kept vivid in the minds  of people,  or they are reminded  by the provision  of information  (e.g., media,  web)  and the socially  active  preservation of  the memory  (Wisner, 2006;  Biernacki  et  al.,  2008;  Komac, 2009; Komac et al., 2013).In the videos produced  in the framework  of the UPStrat-MAFA  project, public perception and interviews with experts are presented to keep vivid the memory of disasters that might hit lands prone to earthquake hazards. An educational shake table is a versatile tool for educational purposes. It's a good tool to describe and investigate how forces act, as also to identify some of the factors that help make buildings earthquake­ proof including cross bracing and tuned mass dampers. Instituto Superior Tecnico adapted its digital educational small shake table to  demonstrate  in  classes the dynamic  performance of buildings/structures

Social Memory and Geographical Memory of Natural Disasters