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We propose a quantitative test of the quantum locality in the electromagnetic interaction that generates the Aharonov-Bohm effect. For this purpose, we analyze the Lorentz-covariant field interaction approach based on the local action of gauge-invariant quantities only (“local” theory), and compare it with the standard potential-based (“nonlocal”) theory. Whereas the two approaches yield identical results for topological phase and any phenomenon involving classical equation of motion, an example violating this equivalence is presented; interference of the Andreev reflections from two independent superconducting inputs into a single normal metallic output. A well-defined phase shift of the interference is predicted in the “local” theory. In contrast, the potential-based Lagrangian fails the corresponding prediction. This result is significant as it can settle the issue of quantum locality in the electromagnetic interaction.

Proposal for locality test of the Aharonov-Bohm effect via Andreev interferometer without a loop