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Danas, kada smo suočeni sa starenjem stanovništva, promjenama u strukturi obiteljskih zajednica, nepovoljnostima na tržištu rada, nestandardnim i novim oblicima rada, sivom ekonomijom, financijskom i gospodarskom krizom, mnogi su zabrinuti oko dva važna pitanja: financijske održivost mirovinskih sustava i primjerene razine mirovina (kratkoročno i dugoročno). Stoga su gotovo sve zemlje u svijetu poduzele neke reforme. Situacija je dodatno otežana u zemljama s visokim proračunskim deficitom i deficitima u mirovinskom sustavu, nepovoljnim stopama ovisnosti, dugotrajno negativnim stopama prirodnog prirasta, niskom zaposlenosti i visokom nezaposlenosti. Nažalost, Hrvatska je suočena sa svim tim problemima. Stoga je hrvatski mirovinski sustav prošao kroz brojne reforme: jednu sustavnu reformu (provedena od 1998. do 2002. što je rezultiralo uspostavom trodijelnog sustava) te nekoliko parametarskih reformi, od kojih se posljednja odnosila na sva tri stupa (od 2013. do 2015.). Cilj rada je provesti kritičku pravnu analizu ove posljednje parametarske reforme u svjetlu održivosti mirovinskog sustava i primjerenosti razine mirovina, uz neizbježna podsjećanja na neka prethodna reformska rješenja. Autor otkriva mnoge nedosljednosti zakonodavca te nedostatke i propuste u promišljanju reformskih mjera, koji dugoročno mogu ugroziti i financijsku održivost i primjerenost razine mirovina. Štoviše, učestale zakonske promjene posljednjih godina, kao i postojanje brojnih skupina povlaštenih umirovljenika narušavaju predvidivost, stabilnost, učinkovitost i pravičnost sustava te povjerenje u vladajuće elite. Nadalje, autor upozorava da se samo dio postojećih problema može riješiti promjenama u samom mirovinskom sustavu (kroz opreznije i sveobuhvatnije promišljene reforme). Te promjene moraju biti dopunjene drugim komplementarnim strategijama i mjerama (npr. u okviru zdravstvenog sustava, poreznog sustava, tržišta rada i radnog zakonodavstva).Nowadays, when faced with aging societies, family structure changes, labour market transformations, non-standard employment arrangements, shadow economy, financial and economic crisis, many are worried about the two basic issues: pension systems’ financial sustainability and benefit adequacy (both short-term and long-term). Therefore, almost all countries in the world made some changes to their pension systems. The situation is even more aggravated in countries with high budget and pension system’s deficits, unfavourable dependency ratios, long-term negative natural increase rates, low employment and high unemployment rates. Unfortunately, Croatia suffers from all these problems. Therefore Croatian pension system has undergone many reforms: one systemic reform (from 1998 to 2002 which resulted in the establishment of the three-pillar pension system), and several parametric reforms, the last one encompassing all three parts of the pension system (2013-2015). The purpose of the paper is to provide legal analyses of this last parametric reform in the light of sustainability and adequacy concerns with some inevitable reminders of the previous reform solutions. The author reveals many inconsistencies and lack of prudence in legislator’s approach, which in the long-term potentially endangers both the financial sustainability and benefit adequacy. Moreover, numerous and frequent legislative changes coupled with the existence of many groups of privileged pensioners raise further concerns regarding predictability, stability, efficiency and fairness of the pension system as well as trust in the national government. Furthermore, the author warns that only part of the solutions lies within the pension system itself (through more thoughtful adjustments). Those changes should be complemented by other strategies outside the pension policy (e.g. within the health care system, tax system and labour market regulations)

Lost between Sustainability and Adequacy: Critical Analysis of the Croatian Pension System’s Parametric Reform