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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine green logistics activities using a three-axis\udapproach (financial-economic, social and environmental activities) and how these activities affect\udthe sustainable monetary expansion indicators for the Sultanate of Oman.\udDesign/methodology/approach: This study begins by defining elements of green logistics and\udhow this concept has evolved in recent years. This concept is analyzed after surveying previous\udstudies on green logistics. The independent variables of green logistics are threefold: financialeconomic,\udsocial and environmental, and are applied to clarify the impact on monetary expansion\udindicators (broad, narrow and reserve money), which are important indications for determining\udthe economic condition of a country. This study used data published in the annual statistical\udreport by the Central Bank of Oman as representative of the economic condition of the\udSultanate of Oman during the period 2008 to 2015.\udFindings: Two variables within the environmental activities were found to be statistically\udsignificant at 1% and 5%: government support to the electricity sector (GSE) and subsidy on soft\udloans to the private housing sector (SSLPH). Only one variable (transport and communication\ud(TC)) within the financial-economic activities was statistically significant at 1% and 5%, but all\udvariables (community, social and personal (CSP) relations; cultural and religious affairs (CRA); and\udsocial security and welfare (SSW)) within the social activities were statistically significant at 1%,\ud5% and 10%. Finally, a multiple regression test was also performed on all the variables within the green logistics activities and all the monetary expansion indicators, and they were found to be\udstatistically significant at 1% and 5%. The study recommends that attention should be given to\udfinancial-economic activities as a quantitative standard that contributes to developing green\udlogistics. This would entail a diagnosis of the priorities and the existing economic and financial\udsystem that contributes to sustainable development of the country's economy. It would also be\udimportant to activate the industrial sectors by reducing operating costs and improving the quality\udof service provided to customers, an indicator of the social activities that conform green logistics,\udand to increase corporate awareness of the environmental variables and the behavior of\udconsumers in order to establish a financial-economic system based on the concept of green\udlogistics.\udResearch limitations: The available data in the annual statistical report for Oman is limited,\udwhich limits the period and all the variables of the study.\udPractical implications: The management of companies should be adopting green logistics\udoperations if they compare the results of the concepts considered in this study with those of\udtheir competitors in the market, in order to consolidate their position in the market. Furthermore,\udthe concept of green logistics helps companies build an intellectual model that contributes to\udenhancing added value. The results of this study enhance the stability of monetary expansion\udindicators reflecting economic growth.\udSocial implications: Green logistics plays a behavioral role in the company’s and country’s\udperformance and determines the trends and attitudes for the future growth of companies,\udespecially regarding the environmental indicators.\udOriginality/value: This study aims to analyze green logistics in the financial-economic, social\udand environmental areas, which reflect the greatest variations, especially as they are affected by\udchanges in global markets, particularly with respect to oil prices, the main source of revenue for\udthe Sultanate of Oman. This is of particular interest as green logistics is one of the modern\udconcepts that are influencing the development of corporate strategies to implement economic\udplans in the country. This study has also supplied a conceptual research framework to explain\udgreen logistics in preparation for many future studies that will examine its elements.Peer Reviewe

The impact of green logistics-based activities on the sustainable monetary expansion indicators of Oman