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Purpose: Nowadays, governments and people pay more attention to use green products due to\udenvironmental pollution, irreplaceable energy and shortage of resources. Green products are\udresulted from the application of green supply chain management strategies to the organizations’\udperformance strategies, so that we can reduce environmental pollutants and wastes and take a step\udtowards saving energy with limited resources.\udDesign/methodology/approach: In this paper, the effect of reducing energy consumption in\udgreen supply chain is examined by using queuing theory and transportation models. Data was\udgenerated and solved by a commercial optimization epackage.\udFindings: The findings indicate that suitable assignment of existing transportation fleet with\udspecified capacity, and using queueing theory in a closed-loop network to reduce the queue length\udand handle congestion, can cause a reduction in energy consumption by optimizing\udtransportation and waiting times in a green supply chain.\udOriginality/value: Adopting investment strategy in improving the environmental performance\udof the supply chain, will yield in many advantages and benefits. This article investigates the effect of queuing theory on reducing waiting time and optimizing energy consumption in green supply\udchain.Peer Reviewe

journal of industrial engineering and management

Green supply chain management using the queuing theory to handle congestion and reduce energy consumption and emissions from supply chain transportation fleet