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The black mould Stachybotrys chartarum and its mycotoxins have been linked todamp building-associated illnesses. The objective of this study was to determinethe effects of water availability (water activity, aw) and temperature on growthand production of satratoxin G (SG) by a macrocyclic trichothecene-producingstrain (IBT 7711) and non-producing strain (IBT 1495) of S. chartarum. Growthstudies were carried out on potato dextrose agar modified with glycerol to0.995-0.92 aw at 10-37 °C. Growth extension was measured and the cultures wereextracted after 10 days and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method used to quantify the SG content. Growth was optimal at 25 to 30°C at 0.995 aw, but this was modified to 0.98 aw at 30 °C for both strains (1.4-1.6 mm/day, respectively). The ELISA method revealed that, in contrast togrowth, SG production was maximal at 20 °C with highest production at 0.98 aw(approximately 250 μg/g mycelia). When water was freely available (0.995 aw), SGwas maximally produced at 15 °C and decreased as temperature was increased.Interestingly, the strain classified as a non-toxigenic produced very lowamounts of SG (<1.6 μg/g mycelia) that were maximal at 25 °C and 0.98 aw.Contour maps for growth and SG production were developed from these data sets.These data have shown, for the first time, that growth and SG productionprofiles are very different in relation to key environmental conditions in theindoor environment. This will be very useful in practically determining the riskfrom exposure to S. chartarum and its toxins in the built env

Impact of environmental factors on growth and satratoxin G production by strains of Stachybotrys chartarum