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Specimens obtained from ten populations of a    Monacha    species from the central Apennines were compared with six molecular lineages of    Monacha   cantiana    s. l. (CAN-1, CAN-2, CAN-3, CAN-4, CAN-5, CAN-6) and two other    Monacha    species (   M.   cartusiana    and    M.   parumcincta   ), treated as outgroup, by molecular (nucleotide sequences of two mitochondrial  COI  and  16S rDNA  as well as two nuclear  ITS2  and  H3  gene fragments) and morphological (shell and genital anatomy) analysis. The results strongly suggest that these populations represent a separate species for which two names are available: the older    Helix   pantanellii    De Stefani, 1879 and the junior    M.   ruffoi    Giusti, 1973. The nucleotide sequences created well separated clades on each phylogenetic tree. Genital anatomy included several distinctive features concerning vaginal appendix, penis, penial papilla and flagellum; instead, shell characters only enabled them to be distinguished from    M.   cartusiana    and    M.   parumcincta   . Remarkably, populations of    M.   pantanellii    show high morphological variability. Shell variability mainly concerns size, some populations having very small dimensions. Genital variability shows a more intricate pattern of all anatomical parts, being higher as regards the vagina and vaginal appendix. Despite this morphological variability, the  K2P  distance range of  COI  sequences between populations is narrow (0.2–4.5%), if we consider all but three of the 53 sequences obtained. This research confirmed that the species of    Monacha    and their molecularly distinguished lineages can only occasionally be recognised morphologically and that they have significant inter- and intra-population variability. The possibility of using an overall approach, including shell, genital and molecular evidence, was taken in order to establish a reliable taxonomic setting.

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Redescription of    Monacha   pantanellii    (De Stefani, 1879), a species endemic to the central Apennines, Italy (  Gastropoda  ,   Eupulmonata  ,   Hygromiidae  ) by an integrative molecular and morphological approach