English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Despite the ubiquity of sea anemones (  Cnidaria  :   Actiniaria  ) in tropical ecosystems, our understanding of their biodiversity and taxonomy is limited. Here we re-establish the identity of an intertidal zooxanthellate species,    Phymanthus   pinnulatus    Martens in Klunzinger, 1877. Originally described from a single preserved specimen in the Berlin Museum by CB Klunzinger, his brief footnote lacked crucial details to positively identify the species. Our redescription is based on more than 50 living individuals of    P.   pinnulatus    collected from its type locality, Singapore. These were examined and compared with type materials of the species and its congeners. Specimens of    P.   pinnulatus    differ from syntypes of species described as    Phymanthus   levis    Kwietniewski, 1898 from Indonesia, as well as    Phymanthus   sansibaricus    Carlgren, 1900 and    Phymanthus   strandesi    Carlgren, 1900, both described from East Africa.    Phymanthus   pinnulatus    was encountered on the lower intertidal, among coral rubble and between rocky crevices. It is vibrantly coloured and has 96 marginal tentacles with branching outgrowths along each, resulting in a ‘frilly’ appearance. The anemone has a flat expanded oral disc, with discal tentacles that are inconspicuous and reduced, unlike syntypes of its congeners. Details of its live appearance, musculature, and cnidom are also provided for the first time. Overall, types of cnidae and capsule sizes differ from other known species of    Phymanthus    documented elsewhere. It is inferred that    P.   pinnulatus    has a wide distribution that extends eastwards from Singapore, as far as Ambon and the Torres Straits. Some individuals reported as    Phymanthus   muscosus    Haddon and Shackleton, 1893 and    Phymanthus   buitendijki    Pax, 1924 are probably    P.   pinnulatus   . This morphological analysis provides new insights into the characters used to delimit    P.   pinnulatus   , clarifies its geographical distribution, and contributes to an ongoing revision of the genus    Phymanthus   .

Sea anemones ( Cnidaria , Actiniaria ) of Singapore: redescription and taxonomy of Phymanthus pinnulatus Martens in Klunzinger, 1877