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The pelidnotine scarabs (  Scarabaeidae  :   Rutelinae  :   Rutelini  ) are a speciose, paraphyletic assemblage of beetles that includes spectacular metallic species (“jewel scarabs”) as well as species that are ecologically important as herbivores, pollinators, and bioindicators. These beetles suffer from a complicated nomenclatural history, due primarily to 20 th  century taxonomic and nomenclatural errors. We review the taxonomic history of the pelidnotine scarabs, present a provisional key to genera with overviews of all genera, and synthesize a catalog of all taxa with synonyms, distributional data, type specimen information, and 107 images of exemplar species. As a result of our research, the pelidnotine leaf chafers (a paraphyletic group) include 27 (26 extant and 1 extinct) genera and 420 valid species and subspecies (419 extant and 1 extinct). Our research makes biodiversity research on this group tractable and accessible, thus setting the stage for future studies that address evolutionary and ecological trends. Based on our research, 1 new species is described, 1 new generic synonym and 12 new species synonyms are proposed, 11 new lectotypes and 1 new neotype are designated, many new or revised nomenclatural combinations, and many unavailable names are presented. The following taxonomic changes are made:New generic synonym: The genus    Heteropelidnota    Ohaus, 1912 is a  new junior synonym  of    Pelidnota    MacLeay, 1819.New species synonyms:    Plusiotis   adelaida   pavonacea    Casey, 1915 is a  syn. n.  of    Chrysina   adelaida    (Hope, 1841);    Odontognathus   gounellei    Ohaus, 1908 is a  revised synonym  of    Pelidnota   ebenina    (Blanchard, 1842);    Pelidnota   francoisgenieri    Moore &amp; Jameson, 2013 is a  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   punctata    (Linnaeus, 1758);    Pelidnota   genieri    Soula, 2009 is a  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   punctata    (Linnaeus, 1758);    Pelidnota   lutea    (Olivier, 1758) is a  revised synonym  of    Pelidnota   punctata    (Linnaeus, 1758);   Pelidnota  ( Pelidnota )  texensis   Casey, 1915 is a  revised synonym  of    Pelidnota   punctata    (Linnaeus, 1758);   Pelidnota  ( Strigidia )  zikani   (Ohaus, 1922) is a  revised synonym  of    Pelidnota   tibialis   tibialis    Burmeister, 1844;    Pelidnota   ludovici    Ohaus, 1905 is a  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   burmeisteri   tricolor    Nonfried, 1894;    Rutela   fulvipennis    Germar, 1824 is  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   cuprea    (Germar, 1824);    Pelidnota   pulchella   blanda    Burmeister, 1844 is a  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   pulchella   pulchella    (Kirby, 1819);    Pelidnota   pulchella   scapularis    Burmeister, 1844 is a  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   pulchella   pulchella    (Kirby, 1819);    Pelidnota   xanthogramma    Perty, 1830 is a  syn. n.  of    Pelidnota   pulchella   pulchella    (Kirby, 1819).New or revised statuses:    Pelidnota   fabricelavalettei    Soula, 2009,  revised status , is considered a species;    Pelidnota   rioensis    Soula, 2009,  stat. n. , is considered a species;    Pelidnota   semiaurata   semiaurata    Burmeister, 1844,  stat. rev. , is considered a subspecies.New or comb. rev. and revised status:    Plusiotis   guaymi    Curoe, 2001 is formally transferred to the genus    Chrysina    (   C.   guaymi    (Curoe, 2001),  comb. n. );    Plusiotis   transvolcanica    Morón &amp; Nogueira, 2016 is transferred to the genus    Chrysina    (   C.   transvolcanica    (Morón &amp; Nogueira, 2016),  comb. n. ).    Heteropelidnota   kuhnti    Ohaus, 1912 is transferred to the genus    Pelidnota    (   P.   kuhnti    (Ohaus, 1912),  comb. n. );    Odontognathus   riedeli    Ohaus, 1905 is considered a subspecies of    Pelidnota   rubripennis    Burmeister, 1844 (   Pelidnota   rubripennis   riedeli    (Ohaus, 1905),  revised status  and  comb. rev.) ;   Pelidnota  ( Strigidia )  acutipennis   (F. Bates, 1904) is transferred to the genus    Sorocha    (   Sorocha   acutipennis    (F. Bates, 1904),  comb. rev. );   Pelidnota  ( Odontognathus )  nadiae   Martínez, 1978 is transferred to the genus    Sorocha    (   Sorocha   nadiae    (Martínez, 1978),  comb. rev. );   Pelidnota  ( Ganonota )  plicipennis   Ohaus, 1934 is transferred to the genus    Sorocha    (   Sorocha   plicipennis    (Ohaus, 1934),  comb. rev.) ;    Pelidnota   similis    Ohaus, 1908 is transferred to the genus    Sorocha    (   Sorocha   similis    (Ohaus, 1908),  comb. rev. );   Pelidnota  ( Ganonota )  yungana   Ohaus, 1934 is transferred to    Sorocha    (   Sorocha   yungana    (Ohaus, 1934),  comb. rev. );    Pelidnota   malyi    Soula, 2010: 58,  revised status ;    Xenopelidnota   anomala   porioni    Chalumeau, 1985,  revised subspecies status .To stabilize the classification of the group, a  neotype  is designated for the following species:    Pelidnota   thiliezi    Soula, 2009.  Lectotypes  are designated for the following names (given in their original combinations):    Pelidnota   brevicollis    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   brevis    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   debiliceps    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   hudsonica    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   oblonga    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   pallidipes    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   ponderella    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   strenua    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   tarsalis    Casey, 1915,    Pelidnota   texensis    Casey, 1915, and    Scarabaeus   punctatus    Linnaeus, 1758.The following published infrasubspecific names are  unavailable  per  ICZN  Article 45.6.1:   Pelidnota  ( Odontognathus )  cuprea   var.   coerulea   Ohaus, 1913;   Pelidnota  ( Odontognathus )  cuprea   var.   rufoviolacea   Ohaus, 1913;   Pelidnota  ( Odontognathus )  cuprea   var.   nigrocoerulea   Ohaus, 1913;   Pelidnota   pulchella   var.   fulvopunctata   Ohaus, 1913;   Pelidnota   pulchella   var.   sellata   Ohaus, 1913;   Pelidnota   pulchella   var.   reducta   Ohaus, 1913;   Pelidnota   unicolor   var.   infuscata   Ohaus, 1913.The following published species name is  unavailable  per  ICZN  Article 11.5:    Neopatatra   synonyma    Moore &amp; Jameson, 2013.The following published species name is  unavailable  per application of  ICZN  Article 16.1:    Parhoplognathus   rubripennis    Soula, 2008.The following published species name is  unavailable  per application of  ICZN  Article 16.4.1:    Strigidia   testaceovirens   argentinica    Soula, 2006,   Pelidnota  ( Strigidia )  testaceovirens   argentinica   (Soula, 2006), and    Pelidnota   testaceovirens   argentinica    (Soula, 2006).The following published species names are  unavailable  per application of  ICZN  Article 16.4.2:    Homonyx   digennaroi    Soula, 2010;    Homonyx   lecourti    Soula, 2010;    Homonyx   mulliei    Soula, 2010;    Homonyx   simoensi    Soula, 2010;    Homonyx   wagneri    Soula, 2010;    Homonyx   zovii    Demez &amp; Soula, 2011;    Pelidnota   arnaudi    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   brusteli    Soula, 2010;    Pelidnota   chalcothorax   septentrionalis    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   degallieri    Soula, 2010;    Pelidnota   lavalettei    Soula, 2008;    Pelidnota   lavalettei    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   dieteri    Soula, 2011;    Strigidia   gracilis   decaensi    Soula, 2008,   Pelidnota  ( Strigidia )  gracilis   decaensi   (Soula, 2008), and    Pelidnota   gracilis   decaensi    (Soula, 2008);    Pelidnota   halleri    Demez &amp; Soula, 2011;    Pelidnota   injantepalominoi    Demez &amp; Soula, 2011;    Pelidnota   kucerai    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   malyi    Soula, 2010: 36-37;    Pelidnota   mezai    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   polita   darienensis    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   polita   orozcoi    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   polita   pittieri    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   punctulata   decolombia    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   punctulata   venezolana    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   raingeardi    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   schneideri    Soula, 2010;    Pelidnota   simoensi    Soula, 2009;    Pelidnota   unicolor   subandina    Soula, 2009;    Sorocha   carloti    Demez &amp; Soula, 2011;    Sorocha   castroi    Soula, 2008;    Sorocha   fravali    Soula, 2011;    Sorocha   jeanmaurettei    Demez &amp; Soula, 2011;    Sorocha   yelamosi    Soula, 2011;    Xenopelidnota   bolivari    Soula, 2009;    Xenopelidnota   pittieri   pittieri    Soula, 2009.Due to unavailability of the name    Pseudogeniates   cordobaensis    Soula 2009 , we describe the species as intentionally new (   Pseudogeniates   cordobaensis    Moore, Jameson, Garner, Audibert, Smith, and Seidel,  sp. n. ).

zookeys

Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (  Coleoptera  ,   Scarabaeidae  ,   Rutelinae  ,   Rutelini  ) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies