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In this paper new mitochondrial  COI  sequences of Common Barn Owl    Tyto   alba    (Scopoli, 1769) and Short-eared Owl    Asio   flammeus    (Pontoppidan, 1763) from southern Chile are reported and compared with sequences from other parts of the World. The intraspecific genetic divergence (mean p-distance) was 4.6 to 5.5% for the Common Barn Owl in comparison with specimens from northern Europe and Australasia and 3.1% for the Short-eared Owl with respect to samples from north America, northern Europe and northern Asia. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three distinctive groups for the Common Barn Owl: ( i ) South America (Chile and Argentina) plus Central and North America, ( ii ) northern Europe and ( iii ) Australasia, and two distinctive groups for the Short-eared Owl: ( i ) South America (Chile and Argentina) and ( ii ) north America plus northern Europe and northern Asia. The level of genetic divergence observed in both species exceeds the upper limit of intraspecific comparisons reported previously for   Strigiformes  . Therefore, this suggests that further research is needed to assess the taxonomic status, particularly for the Chilean populations that, to date, have been identified as belonging to these species through traditional taxonomy.

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Genetic divergence analysis of the Common Barn Owl    Tyto   alba    (Scopoli, 1769) and the Short-eared Owl    Asio   flammeus    (Pontoppidan, 1763) from southern Chile using COI sequence