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The Neotropical species of   Asthenopodinae   are revised in a formal phylogenetic context. The five known species of    Asthenopus    Eaton, 1871, together with other five new species were included in a cladistic analysis using morphological characters (continuous and discretes). Representatives of the Afro-Oriental group of the subfamily (   Povilla    Navás, 1912 and    Languidipes    Hubbard, 1984) were also included to test the monophyletic hypothesis traditionally accepted for the group. Additional taxa representing the other subfamilies of   Polymitarcyidae   were incorparated:    Ephoron    Williamson, 1802 (  Polymitarcyinae  ) and    Campsurus    Eaton, 1868,    Tortopus    Needham &amp; Murphy, 1924 and    Tortopsis    Molineri, 2010 (  Campsurinae  ). A matrix of 17 taxa and 72 characters was analyzed under parsimony resulting in a single tree supporting the monophyly of the subfamily   Asthenopodinae  . Other results include the monophyly of the Afro-Oriental taxa (   Povilla    and    Languidipes   ), the paraphyletic nature of Neotropical   Asthenopodinae  , and the recognition of four South American genera:    Asthenopus    (including    A.   curtus    (Hagen), 1861,    A.   angelae    de Souza &amp; Molineri, 2012,    A.   magnus    sp. n. ,    A.   hubbardi    sp. n. ,    A.   guarani    sp. n. ),    Asthenopodes    Ulmer, 1924,  stat. n.  (including    A.   picteti    Hubbard, 1975,  stat. n. ,    A.   traverae    sp. n. ,    A.   chumuco    sp. n. ),    Priasthenopus    gen. n.  (including    P.   gilliesi    (Domínguez), 1988,  comb. n. ), and    Hubbardipes    gen. n.  (including    H.   crenulatus    (Molineri et al.), 2011,  comb. n. ). Descriptions, diagnoses, illustrations and keys are presented for all Neotropical taxa of   Asthenopodinae   (adults of both sexes, eggs and nymphs). Additionally a key to the subfamilies and genera of   Polymitarcyidae   is included. A quantitative biogeographic analysis of vicariance is presented and discussed through the study of the “taxon history” of the group.

zookeys

Phylogeny and biogeography of   Asthenopodinae   with a revision of    Asthenopus   , reinstatement of    Asthenopodes   , and the description of the new genera    Hubbardipes    and    Priasthenopus    (  Ephemeroptera  ,   Polymitarcyidae  )