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Anastrepha    is the most diverse and economically important genus of   Tephritidae   in the American tropics and subtropics. The striking morphology of the third instars of    Anastrepha   caballeroi    Norrbom,    Anastrepha   crebra    Stone,    Anastrepha   haplacantha    Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski,    Anastrepha   korytkowskii    Norrbom,    Anastrepha   nolazcoae    Norrbom &amp; Korytkowski, and three newly discovered and as yet formally unnamed species (   Anastrepha    sp. Peru-82,   Anastrepha   sp.   nr.   protuberans  , and    Anastrepha    sp. Sur-16), and the more typical morphology of    Anastrepha   aphelocentema    Stone, are described using light and scanning electron microscopy. To contribute to a better understanding of the interspecific and intraspecific variation among species in themucronota    species group and facilitate phylogenetic studies, we integrate molecular and morphological techniques to confirm the identity and describe third instars. Larva-adult associations and the identification of described larvae were confirmed using DNA barcodes. We provide diagnostic characters to distinguish larvae among these nine species of themucronota    group and separate them from those of the 29 other    Anastrepha    species previously described. We introduce the vertical comb-like processes on the oral margin as a novel character, and the unusual character states, including position and shape of the preoral lobe, and dentate or fringed posterior margins of the oral ridges and accessory plates. Our comparative morphology concurs with most previously inferred phylogenetic relationships within themucronota    group.

﻿Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group ( Diptera , Tephritidae )

Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group ( Diptera , Tephritidae )