English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The phylogeny of the carabid beetle supertribe   Nebriitae   is inferred from analyses of DNA sequence data from eight gene fragments including one nuclear ribosomal gene ( 28S ), four nuclear-protein coding genes (CAD, topoisomerase 1,  PEPCK , and  wingless ), and three mitochondrial gene fragments ( 16S  + tRNA-Leu +  ND1 ,  COI  (“barcode” region) and  COI  (“Pat/Jer” region)). Our taxon sample included 264 exemplars representing 241 species and subspecies (25% of the known nebriite fauna), 39 of 41 currently accepted genera and subgenera (all except    Notiokasis    and    Archileistobrius   ), and eight outgroup taxa. Separate maximum likelihood ( ML ) analyses of individual genes, combined  ML  analyses of nuclear, nuclear protein-coding, and mitochondrial genes, and combined  ML  and Bayesian analyses of the eight-gene-fragment matrix resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny of the supertribe, with most nodes in the tree strongly supported. Within   Nebriitae  , 167 internal nodes of the tree (out of the maximum possible 255) are supported by maximum-likelihood bootstrap values of 90% or more. The tribes   Notiophilini  ,   Opisthiini  ,   Pelophilini  , and   Nebriini   are well supported as monophyletic but relationships among these are not well resolved.    Nippononebria    is a distinct genus more closely related to    Leistus    than    Nebria   .    Archastes   ,    Oreonebria   ,    Spelaeonebria   , and    Eurynebria   , previously treated as distinct genera by some authors, are all nested within a monophyletic genus    Nebria.    Within    Nebria   , four major clades are recognized: (1) the    Oreonebria    Series, including eight subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes (the    Eonebria    and    Oreonebria    Complexes); (2) the   Nebriola   Series, including only subgenusNebriola  ; (3) the    Nebria    Series, including ten subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes, the    Boreonebria    and    Nebria    Complexes, with the latter further subdivided into three subgeneric subcomplexes (the    Nebria   ,    Epinebriola   , and    Eunebria    Subcomplexes)); and (4) the    Catonebria    Series, including seven subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes (the    Reductonebria    and    Catonebria    Complexes). A strong concordance of biogeography with the inferred phylogeny is noted and some evident vicariance patterns are highlighted. A revised classification, mainly within the   Nebriini  , is proposed to reflect the inferred phylogeny. Three genus-group taxa (   Nippononebria   ,    Vancouveria    and    Archastes   ) are given revised status and seven are recognized as new synonymies (   Nebriorites    Jeannel, 1941 and    Marggia    Huber, 2014 =    Oreonebria    Daniel, 1903;    Pseudonebriola    Ledoux &amp; Roux, 1989 =    Boreonebria    Jeannel, 1937;    Patrobonebria    Bänninger, 1923,    Paranebria    Jeannel, 1937 and    Barbonebriola    Huber &amp; Schmidt, 2017 =    Epinebriola    Daniel &amp; Daniel, 1904; and    Asionebria    Shilenkov, 1982 =    Psilonebria    Andrewes, 1923). Six new subgenera are proposed and described for newly recognized clades:   Parepinebriola   Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species:    Nebria   delicata    Huber &amp; Schmidt, 2017),   Insulanebria   Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species:    Nebria   carbonaria    Eschscholtz, 1829),   Erwinebria   Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species    Nebria   sahlbergii    Fischer von Waldheim, 1828),    Nivalonebria    Kavanaugh  subgen. nov.  (type species:    Nebria   paradisi    Darlington, 1931),    Neaptenonebria    Kavanaugh  subgen. nov.  (type species:    Nebria   ovipennis    LeConte, 1878), and    Palaptenonebria    Kavanaugh  subgen. nov.  (type species:    Nebria   mellyi    Gebler, 1847). Future efforts to better understand relationships within the supertribe should aim to expand the taxon sampling of DNA sequence data, particularly within subgenera    Leistus    and    Evanoleist   us of genus    Leistus    and the    Nebria    Complex of genus    Nebria   .

Phylogeny of the supertribe Nebriitae ( Coleoptera , Carabidae ) based on analyses of DNA sequence data