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Monodoreae (  Annonaceae  ) is a tribe composed of 11 genera and 90 species restricted to the tropical African rain forests. All the genera are taxonomically well circumscribed except the species rich genera    Uvariodendron    and    Uvariopsis    which lack a recent taxonomic revision. Here, we used a robust phylogenomic approach, including all the 90 currently accepted species, with several specimens per species, and based on more than 300   Annonaceae  -specific nuclear genes, to infer the phylogenetic tree of the Monodoreae and test the limits between the genera and species. We recover all the genera as monophyletic, except the genus    Uvariopsis    for which the species    Uvariopsis   tripetala    falls outside this clade. We thus reinstate the monotypic genus    Dennettia    for its single species    Dennettia   tripetala   . We also erect a new tribe, Ophrypetaleae  trib. nov. , to accommodate the genera    Ophrypetalum    and    Sanrafaelia   , as we recover them excluded from the Monodoreae tribe with good support. Below the genus level, the genera    Isolona   ,    Monodora   ,    Uvariastrum   ,    Uvariodendron    and    Uvariopsis    show weakly supported nodes and phylogenetic conflicts, suggesting that population level processes of evolution might occur in these clades. Our results also support, at the molecular level, the description of several new species of    Uvariodendron    and    Uvariopsis   , as well as several new synonymies. Finally, we present a taxonomic revision of the genera    Dennettia   ,    Uvariodendron    and    Uvariopsis   , which contain one, 18 and 17 species respectively. We provide a key to the 11 genera of the Monodoraeae and describe four new species to science:    Uvariodendron   kimbozaense    Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  sp. nov. ,    Uvariodendron   mossambicense    Robson ex Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  sp. nov. ,    Uvariodendron   pilosicarpum    Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  sp. nov.  and    Uvariopsis   oligocarpa    Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  sp. nov. , and provide provisional descriptions of three putatively new species. We also present lectotypifications and nomenclatural changes implying synonymies and new combinations (   Uvariodendron   citriodorum    (Le Thomas) Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  comb. et stat. nov .,   Uvariodendron   fuscum   var.   magnificum   (Verdc.) Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  comb. et stat. nov. ,   Uvariopsis   congensis   var.   angustifolia   Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  var. nov. ,   Uvariopsis   guineensis   var.   globiflora   (Keay) Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  comb. et stat. nov. , and   Uvariopsis   solheidii   var.   letestui   (Pellegr.) Dagallier &amp; Couvreur,  comb. et stat. nov. ).

phytokeys

﻿Phylogenomic inference of the African tribe Monodoreae (  Annonaceae  ) and taxonomic revision of    Dennettia   ,    Uvariodendron    and    Uvariopsis

﻿Phylogenomic inference of the African tribe Monodoreae ( Annonaceae ) and taxonomic revision of Dennettia , Uvariodendron and Uvariopsis

Phylogenomic inference of the African tribe Monodoreae ( Annonaceae ) and taxonomic revision of Dennettia , Uvariodendron and Uvariopsis