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Hylocereeae is one of the nine tribes in the subfamily   Cactoideae   (  Cactaceae  ), for which the limits and recognition of genera have been controversial. Essentially, this group comprises epiphytic and hemiepiphytic genera with stems modified as climbing structures. The aim of this paper is to examine pollen attributes in representative species of genera of Hylocereeae, focusing on    Selenicereus    whose current circumscription comprises    Hylocereus    and three    Weberocereus    species, to find whether significant potentially apomorphic and/or autapomorphic systematic characters can be discovered. Utilizing SEM and light microscopy, 25 pollen characters were observed and measured. Tribe Hylocereeae is stenopalynous, with pollen grains isopolar and radially symmetrical monads, mostly tricolpate, except in    Kimnachia   ,    Pseudoripsalis    and    Weberocereus   , whose pollen grains are pantocolpate. Seven attributes (five qualitative and two continuous) exhibited useful variation and were coded. The character of brevicolpate pollen grains was shared by    Kimnachia   ramulosa    and    Pseudorhipsalis   amazonica   . Convex quadrangular outline in the polar view was shared by    Weberocereus   tunilla    and    S.   glaber   . The absence of spinules on the exine was shared by    S.   minutiflorus    and    S.   stenopterus.    The largest pollen grain, found in    Selenicereus   megalanthus   , might be correlated with polyploidy.    Selenicereus    is the taxon with the highest variation in pollen attributes, including species with an exine with or without spinules and variable polar area index and shape (subprolate or oblate-spheroidal).

Systematic relevance of pollen morphology in tribe Hylocereeae ( Cactaceae )