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In asymmetric supercapacitors, electric charges are separated and accumulated in conditions of neutron irradiation. The paper presents the results of studying current sources with radioactive isotopes ( CSRI ) based on supercapacitors of 100 F made by neutron activation of the elements of the substances (BN or  SrO ) introduced to the electrodes. Following the neutron irradiation with a dose of up to 400 Gy, the supercapacitors turn into CSRIs and have a charging rate of up to 7.8 μV/day. The  CSRI  charging rate increases in proportion to the activation with a neutron dose up to 14 kGy. This is explained by the production of β-active isotopes as a result of the  14 N(n, p) 14 C and  88 Sr(n, γ) 89 Sr reactions in the supercapacitor electrode materials. Estimation of the radiation-induced charge accumulation rate, with regard for the energy released during β-decay of  14 C and  89 Sr, excludes the known mechanisms of charge separation in a condensed environment due to the ionization and production of secondary electrons, the production of electron-hole pairs, etc. The electric charge separation and accumulation in CSRIs take place as a result of non-equilibrium thermoelectric phenomena in the near-electrode nanoregions. Nuclear reactions in nanoscale regions produce “temperature gradients” of up to 10 5  K/nm, this leading to up to 10 13  electrons “evaporating” from nanocrystallites at times of ~ 10 -11  s.

Current sources based on supercapacitors with β-active isotopes