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Palms represent the most morphological diverse monocotyledonous plants and support a vast array of fungi. Recent examinations of palmicolous fungi in Thailand led to the discovery of a group of morphologically similar and interesting taxa. A polyphasic approach based on morphology, multi-gene phylogenetic analyses and divergence time estimates supports the establishment of a novel pleosporalean family   Striatiguttulaceae  , which diversified approximately 39 (20–63) MYA (crown age) and 60 (35–91) MYA (stem age).   Striatiguttulaceae   is characterized by stromata or ascomata with a short to long neck, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses and fusiform to ellipsoidal, 1–3-septate ascospores, with longitudinal striations and paler end cells, surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis showed that taxa of   Striatiguttulaceae   form a well-supported and distinct monophyletic clade in   Pleosporales  , and related to    Ligninsphaeriaceae    and    Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae   . However, these families can be morphologically demarcated by the slit-like ascomata and extremely large ascospores in    Ligninsphaeriaceae    and the rather narrow fusiform ascospores in    Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae   . Eight strains of   Striatiguttulaceae   formed two monophyletic sub-clades, which can be recognized as    Longicorpus    gen. nov.  and    Striatiguttula    gen. nov.  Morphologically, the genus    Longicorpus    can be differentiated from    Striatiguttula    by its elongated immersed ascomata and fusiform ascospores with relatively larger middle cells and paler end cells. Two new species    Striatiguttula   nypae    and    S.   phoenicis   , and one new combination,    Longicorpus   striataspora    are introduced with morphological details, and phylogenetic relationships are discussed based on DNA sequence data.

Striatiguttulaceae , a new pleosporalean family to accommodate Longicorpus and Striatiguttula gen. nov. from palms