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Novel trophic associations have sometimes resulted in fortuitous and significant biological control. After the invasion of North America by the South American cactus moth,    Cactoblastis   cactorum    (Berg) (  Pyralidae  :   Phycitinae  ), it is pertinent to characterize the assemblage of local natural enemies that could utilize this moth in new host-parasitoid associations. Herein we report on    Apanteles   mimoristae    Muesebeck (  Braconidae  :   Microgastrinae  ), a North American gregarious endoparasitoid wasp attacking the caterpillar of the phycitine cactus moth   Melitara   cf.   nephelepasa   (Dyar) (  Pyralidae  :   Phycitinae  , also known as zebra worm), also native to North America; both collected in    Opuntia   ficus-indica    (L.) Mill. (  Cactaceae  ) cultivated fields at rural areas of Mexico City. We provide an updated morphological account for    A.   mimoristae    visualized with light microscopy and scanning electron microscope ( SEM ); a fragment of its cytochrome oxidase subunit I ( COI ) gene sequence data is reported for the first time. Additionally, we analyze its taxonomical position relative to other    Apanteles    species from the Americas including those attacking cactus-feeding moths. Our analyses place    A.   mimoristae    (from Mexico) in a clade with    A.   esthercentenoae    Fernández-Triana (from Costa Rica), a parasitoid of both    Cromarcha   stroudagnesia    Solis (  Pyralidae  ) and    Palpita   venatalis    (Schaus) (  Crambidae  ) (non cactus-feeding), and in a sister clade to    A.   opuntiarum    Martínez &amp; Berta (from Argentina) and    A.   alexanderi    Brèthes (from Argentina and Uruguay), parasitoids of the cactus-feeding phycitines    Cactoblastis    and    Tucumania    respectively. Finally, we provide an updated key for the identification of    Apanteles    species recorded parasitizing cactus moth caterpillars in the American continent.

journal of hymenoptera research

﻿Redescription of    Apanteles   mimoristae    (  Hymenoptera  ,   Braconidae  ), a parasitoid of the native pyralid cactus moth    Melitara    cf.      nephelepasa    in central Mexico

﻿Redescription of Apanteles mimoristae ( Hymenoptera , Braconidae ), a parasitoid of the native pyralid cactus moth Melitara cf. nephelepasa in central Mexico

Redescription of Apanteles mimoristae ( Hymenoptera , Braconidae ), a parasitoid of the native pyralid cactus moth Melitara cf. nephelepasa in central Mexico