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AbstractDespite their ecological importance, Darwin wasps (  Ichneumonidae  ) are among the most poorly studied groups of organisms. It is therefore not surprising that their fossil record is even more poorly understood than their extant diversity. The early Eocene seems rather fossil-poor regarding   Ichneumonidae   in amber and only one species,    Palaeometopius   eocenicus    Menier et al., 2004 , was described so far from Oise Amber from the Paris basin. Here, two new ichneumonid genera and species,    Madma   oisella    gen. et. sp. nov.  and    Pappous   trichomatius    gen. et. sp. nov.  are described and the placement of    Palaeometopius   eocenicus    is revised. The three fossils are well-preserved and might represent stem taxa of   Tryphoninae   and   Phygadeuontinae  . They are a highly important addition to the early Palaeogene fossil record of   Ichneumonidae   that otherwise mainly consists of compression fossils, which yield far less detail of the specimens’ morphology than amber pieces. Among the more than 1,000 Oise amber pieces examined, only three   Ichneumonidae   specimens have been found, versus about 60   Braconidae  , a ratio very different from other amber deposits. Identification of additional ichneumonid specimens from this period (lowermost Eocene) is of particular importance for a better understanding of the subfamily and species compositions of this family after the K-Pg mass extinction.

﻿Darwin wasps ( Hymenoptera , Ichneumonidae ) in Lower Eocene amber from the Paris basin

Darwin wasps ( Hymenoptera , Ichneumonidae ) in Lower Eocene amber from the Paris basin