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Eight Western Palaearctic    Euura    species are here assigned to thebergmanni    group (bergmanni   ,brevivalvis   ,dispar   ,glutinosae   ,leptocephalus   ,respondens   ,sylvestris   , andviridis   ) and two species to theoligospila    group (frenalis    andoligospila   ).    Euura   pallens    (Konow, 1903) (bergmanni    group) is removed from the list of West Palaearctic taxa.    Euura   pyramidalis    (Hellén, 1948) is treated as  incertae sedis  within thebergmanni    group. Definitions of thebergmanni    andoligospila    groups are primarily based on genetic sequence data (mitochondrial  COI  and nuclear NaK and POL2). We report likely occurrence of heteroplasmy and amplification of NUMTs among some of the treated species, complicating the use of DNA barcoding in species discrimination. Based on morphological and genetic evidence, we establish that the correct name for the invasive willow sawfly in the southern hemisphere (South America, southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand), known there only in the female sex, is    Euura   respondens    (Förster, 1854). The species is probably native to the Palaearctic (or even Holarctic) where males are common: possibly as common as females (examined from Europe and Central Asia). The name    Euura   oligospila    (Förster, 1854) has been incorrectly used for the species in the southern hemisphere. The examination of type material and reliable association of males and females based on genetics revealed that females of    E.   oligospila    are morphologically extremely similar to    E.   respondens    (and to some other    E.   bergmanni    group species), but male penis valves and genetics enable reliable separation of these species. Morphological separation of females of    E.   oligospila    and    E.   respondens    is possible, but challenging. Identification keys for males and females of thebergmanni    andoligospila    groups are provided. The following 15 new synonymies are proposed:    Nematus   validicornis    Förster, 1854,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   bergmanni    (Dahlbom, 1835);    Pteronidea   woollatti    Lindqvist, 1971,  syn. nov.  and    Nematus   turgaiensis    Safjanov, 1977,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   brevivalvis    (Thomson, 1871);    Pteronidea   pseudodispar    Lindqvist, 1969,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   dispar    (Zaddach, 1876);   Nematus  ( Pteronidea )  fastosus   var.   ponojense   Hellén, 1948,  syn. nov.  and   N.  ( P. )  fastosus   var.   punctiscuta   Hellén, 1948,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   frenalis    (Thomson, 1888);    Nematus   declaratus    Muche, 1974,  syn. nov.  and    N.   desantisi    D.R. Smith, 1983,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   respondens    (Förster, 1854);    Pteronidea   straminea    Lindqvist, 1958,  syn. nov. ,    P.   angustiserra    Lindqvist, 1969,  syn. nov. , and    P.   disparoides    Lindqvist, 1969,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   sylvestris    (Cameron, 1884);    Pteronidea   breviseta    Lindqvist, 1946,  syn. nov. ,    P.   breviseta    Lindqvist, 1949,  syn. nov. ,    P.   abscondita    Lindqvist, 1949,  syn. nov. , and    P.   lauroi    Lindqvist, 1960,  syn. nov.  with    Euura   viridis    (Stephens, 1835). Lectotypes are designated for 18 nominal taxa:    Amauronematus   longicornis    Konow, 1897;    A.   spurcus    Konow, 1904;    Nematus   bergmanni    Dahlbom, 1835;    N.   brevivalvis    Thomson, 1871;    N.   curtispina    Thomson, 1871;   N.  ( Pteronidea )  fastosus   var.   ponojense   Hellén, 1948;   N.  ( P. )  fastosus   var.   punctiscuta   Hellén, 1948;    N.   glutinosae    Cameron, 1882;    N.   microcercus    Thomson, 1871;    N.   polyspilus    Förster, 1854;    N.   prasinus    Hartig, 1837;    N.   respondens    Förster, 1854;    N.   salicivorus    Cameron, 1882;    N.   validicornis    Förster, 1854;    N.   virescens    Hartig, 1837;   Pteronidea   curtispina   var.   luctuosa   Enslin, 1916;    Pteronus   fastosus    Konow, 1904; and    P.   pallens    Konow, 1903.

Revision of the West Palaearctic Euura bergmanni and oligospila groups ( Hymenoptera , Tenthredinidae )