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The species-rich and widespread genus    Taraxacum    F. H. Wiggers, 1780 (  Asteraceae   subfamily   Cichorioideae  ) is one of the most taxonomically complex plant genera in the world, mainly due to its combination of different sexual and asexual reproduction strategies. Polyploidy is usually confined to apomictic microspecies, varying from 3x to 6x (rarely 10x). In this study, we focused on   Taraxacum   sect.    Taraxacum    (=   T.   sect.   Ruderalia  ;    T.   officinale    group), i.e., the largest group within the genus. We counted chromosome numbers and measured the DNA content for species sampled in Central Europe, mainly in Czechia. The chromosome number of the 28 species (   T.   aberrans    Hagendijk, Soest &amp; Zevenbergen, 1974,    T.   atroviride    Štěpánek &amp; Trávníček, 2008,    T.   atrox    Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, 1997,    T.   baeckiiforme    Sahlin, 1971,    T.   chrysophaenum    Railonsala, 1957,    T.   coartatum    G.E. Haglund, 1942,    T.   corynodes    G.E. Haglund, 1943,    T.   crassum    H. Øllgaard &amp; Trávníček, 2003,    T.   deltoidifrons    H. Øllgaard, 2003,    T.   diastematicum    Marklund, 1940,    T.   gesticulans    H. Øllgaard, 1978,    T.   glossodon    Sonck &amp; H. Øllgaard, 1999,    T.   guttigestans    H. Øllgaard in Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, 1992,    T.   huelphersianum    G.E. Haglund, 1935,    T.   ingens    Palmgren, 1910,    T.   jugiferum    H. Øllgaard, 2003,    T.   laticordatum    Marklund, 1938,    T.   lojoense    H. Lindberg, 1944 (=    T.   debrayi    Hagendijk, Soest &amp; Zevenbergen, 1972,    T.   lippertianum    Sahlin, 1979),    T.   lucidifrons    Trávníček, ineditus,    T.   obtusifrons    Marklund, 1938,    T.   ochrochlorum    G.E. Haglund, 1942,    T.   ohlsenii    G.E. Haglund, 1936,    T.   perdubium    Trávníček, ineditus,    T.   praestabile    Railonsala, 1962,    T.   sepulcrilobum    Trávníček, ineditus,    T.   sertatum    Kirschner, H. Øllgaard &amp; Štěpánek, 1997,    T.   subhuelphersianum    M.P. Christiansen, 1971,    T.   valens    Marklund, 1938) is 2n = 3x = 24. The DNA content ranged from 2C = 2.60 pg (   T.   atrox   ) to 2C = 2.86 pg (   T.   perdubium   ), with an average value of 2C = 2.72 pg. Chromosome numbers are reported for the first time for 26 species (all but    T.   diastematicum    and    T.   obtusifrons   ), and genome size estimates for 26 species are now published for the first time.

New chromosome counts and genome size estimates for 28 species of Taraxacum sect. Taraxacum