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Karyotype analysis was performed on the scleractinian coral    Coelastrea   aspera    Verrill, 1866, commonly found along temperate coasts in Japan (30–35°N) and in coastal waters in the Indian and Pacific oceans. G-banding of    C.   aspera    was successfully performed, although the banding pattern was not as clear as that in mammals. The karyogram clearly revealed that this coral had a    homogeneously staining region   (hsr)  in chromosome 11. This  hsr  consisted of    ribosomal RNA   (rRNA)  related genes, which was demonstrated by    fluorescence in situ hybridization   (FISH)  with probes generated using 28S    ribosomal DNA   (rDNA)  primers and those generated through chromosome microdissection. In addition, we conducted    silver-stained nucleolus organizer region   (Ag-NOR)  analysis and found Ag depositions in the interphase nuclei but not on  rRNA  gene loci and  hsr (s) in the mitotic stage. The  hsr  of this coral was observed in approximately 50% of the metaphase spreads analyzed. This may explain the diversity of coral  rDNA  based on the molecular study of sequence analysis. Furthermore, it was discovered that human telomere and Alu repeated sequences were present in this    C.   aspera   . Probes derived from human Alu sequences are expected to play an important role in the classification of corals. Overall, our data can be of great value in discriminating among scleractinian coral species and understanding their genetics, including chromosomal evolution.

comparative cytogenetics

Identification of homogeneously staining regions by G-banding and chromosome microdissection, and  FISH  marker selection using human Alu sequence primers in a scleractinian coral    Coelastrea   aspera    Verrill, 1866 (  Cnidaria  )