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BackgroundThis study presents the first faunistic record and DNA barcoding for some   Diptera   species recorded from the    Juniperus    forest ecosystem of Balochistan, Pakistan. DNA barcoding was used to explore species diversity of Dipterans and collections carried out using a Malaise trap between December 2018 to December 2019. This process involved sequencing the 658 bp Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene.New informationAmongst the collected   Diptera   specimens, nine families were identified, representing 13 genera. These species include    Atherigona   soccata    (Rondani, 1871),    Atherigona   varia    (Schiner, 1868),    Chironomus   dorsalis    (Meigen, 1818),    Eupeodes   corollae    (Linnaeus, 1758),    Eristalis   tenax    (Linnaeus,1758),    Gonia   ornata    (Meigen, 1826),    Lucilia   sericata    (Meigen, 1826),    Paragus   quadrifasciatus    (Linnaeus, 1758),    Pollenia   rudis    (Fabricius, 1794),    Ravinia   pernix    (Thompson, 1869),    Sarcophaga   dux    (Thompson, 1869),    Trupanea   amoena    (Schiner, 1868) and    Wohlfahrtia   bella    (Linnaeus, 1758). The families   Syrphidae   and   Sarcophagidae   exhibited the highest representation, each comprising three genera and three species. They were followed by the family   Muscidae  , which had a single genus and two species.   Anthomyiidae  ,   Chironomidae  ,   Calliphoridae  ,   Polleniidae  ,   Tachinidae   and   Tephritidae   were represented by only one genus and one species. A nique Barcode Index Number (BIN) was allotted to   Tachinidae   (specie i.e    Gonia   ornata   ). The results indicated that barcoding through cytochrome oxidase I is an effective approach for the accurate identification and genetic studies of   Diptera   species. This discovery highlights the significant diversity of this insect order in study region. Furthermore, a comprehensive list of other   Diptera   species remains elusive because of difficulties in distinguishing them, based on morphology and a lack of professional entomological knowledge.

New faunistic data on Diptera ( Hexapoda , Insecta ) from the Ziarat Juniperus forest ecosystem (Pakistan)