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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is frequently overexpressed in human malignanciesand plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The presentstudy aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of COX-2 andsurvivin (SUV) in human osteosarcomas (OS), and explore the effects and molecularmechanisms of a selective COX-2 inhibitor NS-398 and SUV on tumor proliferationand apoptosis. Fifty cases of human OS and osteochondromas (OC) were collected.The expression of COX-2 and SUV was assessed using immunohistochemical assaysin biopsy samples. MG-63 human OS cells were treated with different concentrationsof NS-398, used to investigate their effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis.The recombinant small hairpin RNA adenovirus vector rAd5-SUV was constructed,and the effects and molecular mechanisms of knockdown of SUV on proliferationand apoptosis were evaluated in MG-63 cells. A subcutaneous xenograft tumor modelwas established, validating the effects of rAd5-SUV on tumor growth in vivo. Basedon the results, the expression of COX-2 and SUV in OS showed a higher strong reactivityrate compared with OC (73.3 vs. 25.0%, P=0.001; 63.3 vs. 30.0%, P=0.02), but itdid not correlate with the clinicopathological characteristics of OS. NS-398 inhibitedproliferation, induced apoptosis and decreased the mRNA expression of COX-2 andSUV in MG-63 cells. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated knockdown of SUV inhibitedproliferation, induced apoptosis, reduced the expression of proliferating cellnuclear antigen (PCNA), increased the expression of caspase-3 (CAS-3) and slowedthe growth of xenograft tumors in MG-63 cells. Taken together, the expressionof COX-2 and SUV is closely correlated with human OS, and inhibition of COX-2or knockdown of SUV suppresses tumor proliferation and induces apoptosis, suggestingthat COX-2 may be involved in OS cell proliferation and apoptosis through SUV-mediatedregulation of PCNA and CAS-3 expression, and provides a potential therapeuticstrategy for the treatment of cancer.

oncology reports

The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells via downregulation of the survivin pathway