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Structural maintenance of chromosome 4 (SMC4) is associated with tumorigenesis.The present study aimed at detecting SMC4 expression in primary liver cancer andits association with clinicopathological patient data. A total of 72 primary livercancer tissues and 6 liver cell lines were assessed for expression of SMC4 mRNAand protein with qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively.SMC4 siRNAs were constructed to knockdown SMC4 expression, and phenotypic changesof hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells were analyzed using flow cytometry andcell viability assays. The data showed that SMC4 mRNA and protein were highlyexpressed in HCC tissues compared to the normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysisrevealed that 52 of 72 (72.2%) paraffin-embedded primary liver cancer tissuesdisplayed strong cytoplasmic staining of SMC4 protein, whereas only 6 (8.3%) normalliver tissues showed immunostaining of SMC4. Statistical analysis showed thatSMC4 expression was significantly associated with tumor size, de-differentiation,advanced stages and vascular invasion of the primary liver cancers. Moreover,knockdown of SMC4 expression reduced HCC cell proliferation. These data demonstratedthat expression of SMC4 protein may be useful for the early detection and predictionof primary liver cancer progression.

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Overexpression of the structural maintenance of chromosome 4 protein is associated with tumor de-differentiation, advanced stage and vascular invasion of primary liver cancer