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The effects of TGF-β on dendritic cells (DCs) on the tumor microenvironmentare not well understood. We report, here, the establishment of an in vitro lungcancer microenvironment by co-incubation of seminaphtharhodafluor (SNARF) labeledLewis lung cancer (LLC) cells, carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeledfibroblasts and 4-chloromethyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (CMHC) labeled DCs. Raw 264.7,EL4 and NCI-H446 cells were able to synthesize TGF-β which was determined by flowcyto-metry and western blotting, respectively. Furthermore, TGF-β efficientlyincreased regulatory T-cell (Treg) expansion and upregulated DC B7H1 and GITRLexpression. TGF-β and the co-incubation of LLC cells, fibroblasts with DCs couldaugment the expression of B7H1 and GITRL molecules of DCs. The data presentedhere indicate that the B7H1 and GITRL molecules may play an important role inTGF-β-induced Treg expansion of lung cancer microenvironment.

TGF-β of lung cancer microenvironment upregulates B7H1 and GITRL expression in dendritic cells and is associated with regulatory T cell generation