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Little is known about the function of microRNAs in prolactinomas treatedwith bromocriptine. The aim of the study was to explore the microRNAs associatedwith bromocriptine-treated prolactinomas. Six prolactinoma samples were selectedaccording to whether they received bromocriptine treatment or not before microsurgery,and microRNA expression profiles of bromocriptine-treated and untreated prolactinomaswere screened by the miRCURY LNA Array. The differentially expressed microRNAsin microarrays were further validated by stem-loop real-time PCR and subjectedto gene ontology analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. In addition, related genesof microRNAs were analyzed by qRT-PCR in 15 prolactinoma samples. The initialanalysis by microarrays generated a list of 80 upregulated microRNAs and 71 downregulatedmicroRNAs in treated prolactinomas compared to untreated prolactinomas. miR-206,miR-516b and miR-550 were confirmed to be significantly upregulated, while miR-671-5pwas confirmed to be significantly downregulated in treated prolactinomas by qRT-PCR.microRNA-mRNA network analysis integrating GO and KEGG pathway annotation displayedsome critical factors. Platelet-derived growth factor α polypeptide (PDGFA) andbone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), were verified to be differentially expressedbetween the two groups. PDGFA was significantly upregulated in treated prolactinomas,while BMP4 was significantly downregulated in treated prolactinomas. Our studyreveals differential expression of microRNAs in prolactinoma after pharmacotherapy.Specific microRNAs may be involved in the inhibition or promotion of prolactinomatumor growth impacted by bromocriptine pharmacotherapy. PDGFA and BMP4 may beinvolved in the pharmacotherapy mechanism of prolactinoma.

microRNA expression profile and differentially-expressed genes in prolactinomas following bromocriptine treatment