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The transcription factor TWIST is an important factor in regulating epithelial-mesenchymaltransition (EMT) and tumor metastasis. To explore the functions of TWIST in hypopharyngealcancer, we investigated if overexpression of TWIST has an effect on FaDu cellmorphology, and if alteration of TWIST has an effect on E-cadherin, N-cadherin,c-fos, MMP-9, as well as in cell migration, and the invasion ability of FaDu cells.Moreover, we also studied the relationship between TWIST overexpression and clinicopathologicalcharacteristics in hypopharyngeal cancer tissue samples by immunohistochemicalassays. The results showed that overexpression of TWIST-induced morphologicalchanges, such as occurrence of EMT. TWIST overexpression also increased cell migrationand invasion ability, accompanied by an alteration of E-cadherin, N-cadherin,c-fos and MMP-9 expression. Furthermore, immunohistochemical assays showed thatTWIST overexpression was related with tumor differentiation (P=0.038), tumor size(P=0.048) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.044). The data presented reveal thatoverexpression of TWIST plays a significant role in the metastasis of hypopharyngealtumors, and alteration of TWIST has an effect on the EMT, c-fos and MMP-9 expressionin FaDu cells. We conclude that TWIST promotes hypopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis,and the TWIST/c-fos/MMP-9 signaling pathway may play an important role in themetastasis of FaDu cells.

TWIST expression in hypopharyngeal cancer and the mechanism of TWIST-induced promotion of metastasis