English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) polarized to the M2 phenotype promotetumor cell proliferation and are associated with a poor prognosis in patientswith high grade glioma. We previously revealed that corosolic acid, a triterpenoidcompound, inhibits the M2 polarization of human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM).In the present study, we examined whether oleanolic acid (OA), a triterpenoidcompound whose structure is similar to corosolic acid, also shows inhibitory effectson M2 polarization in HMDM. OA significantly inhibited the expression of CD163,one of the phenotype markers of M2 macrophages, as well as suppressed the secretionof IL-10, one of the anti-inflammatory cytokines preferentially produced by M2macrophages, thus suggesting that OA suppresses the M2 polarization of macrophages.Furthermore, OA inhibited the proliferation of U373 human glioblastoma cells,and the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3)in both human macrophages and glioblastoma cells. These results indicate thatOA suppresses the M2 polarization of macrophages and tumor cell proliferationby inhibiting STAT3 activation. Therefore, OA may be a potentially new agent thatcan be used for the prevention and treatment of various malignant tumors, includingglioma.

Oleanolic acid inhibits macrophage differentiation into the M2 phenotype and glioblastoma cell proliferation by suppressing the activation of STAT3