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Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is an efficient method for the diagnosis of various types of human cancer. Studies have demonstrated that Gd 2 O 3 -doped carbon-11-choline (GdCho) can be used as a contrast nanoparticle for PET/CT in the diagnosis of patients with lung cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GdCho-lenvatinib nanoparticles contrast-PET/CT (GdCho-Len-PET) in the diagnosis and treatment planning of a cohort of patients suspected of having lung cancer. The results of the present study demonstrated that GdCho-Len could be used as an efficient PET/CT contrast agent for the diagnosis of patients with lung cancer. GdCho-Len nanoparticles contrast agent exhibited a significantly improved longitudinal relaxivity compared with GdCho. The outcomes of the present study were that GdCho-Len-PET diagnosed 152 patients with lung cancer, whereas GdCho-PET diagnosed 130 patients with lung cancer among the 172 patients. GdCho-Len-PET presented with higher accuracy and sensitivity compared with GdCho-PET in diagnosing patients with lung cancer. All patients were further confirmed via histological analysis. GdCho-Len-PET contributed to the anticancer treatments in 56 out of 62 (90.3%) patients with lung cancer who were candidates for radiation therapy, 52 out of 57 (91.2%) patients with lung cancer undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy, and 13 out of 17 (76.5%) patients with lung cancer undergoing comprehensive therapy. Patients diagnosed using GdCho-Len-PET improved the survival of patients with lung cancer during a 420-day follow up. In conclusion, GdCho-Len-PET increased the diagnostic efficacy and had a significant effect on survival for patients with lung cancer, and may therefore serve as a reliable method for human cancer diagnosis.

Role of Gd2O3‑doped carbon‑11‑choline‑lenvatinib nanoparticles contrast agent PET/CT in the diagnosis of patients with lung cancer