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Novel treatment options are urgently required for patients with glioma who are not effectively treated through standard therapy. Human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) is a molecular target of certain tumors types. Compared with 131 I, 188 Re possesses a higher energy and shorter half-life; therefore, the effects of 188 Re and 131 I were compared in hNIS-mediated gene imaging and therapy in the present study. Recombinant human brain glioma cell line U87 was transfected with a recombinant lentiviral vector containing hNIS (U87-hNIS). U87-0 cell line transfected with blank lentivirus was prepared as a control. In vitro , the 188 Re and 131 I uptake of U87-hNIS cells were 21.3-times and 25.9-times that of the control groups, however the excretion rate of the two nuclides was very rapid, and the half-life was only ~4 min. Sodium perchlorate inhibited hNIS-mediated 188 Re and 131 I uptake to levels observed in the control groups. 188 Re and 131 I were able to kill U87-hNIS cells selectively, with a survival of only 21.6 and 36.2%, respectively. U87-hNIS nude mice appeared to accumulate 188 Re, with a ratio of radioactivity counts between tumor and non-tumor sites of ~13.5 compared with 10.3 of 131 I 1 h after radionuclide injection. In contrast with in vitro studies, U87-hNIS cells demonstrated a notable increase in 188 Re retention in vivo , even 24 h after 188 Re injection. U87-hNIS cells also exhibited increased 131 I retention in vivo ; however, as the time increased, 131 I was rapidly released with the tumor no longer able to be imaged 24 h after 131 I injection. Following treatment, U87-hNIS tumors experienced a volume reduction of 24.1%, whereas U87-0 cells demonstrated an increase of 28.8%. 188 Re and 131 I were revealed to be effective at decreasing tumor volume compared with the control. However, 188 Re was significantly more potent compared with 131 I (P&lt;0.01). The present study indicated that the U87-hNIS cell line is sufficient to induce specific 188 Re and 131 I uptake, which may kill cells in vitro and in vivo . 188 Re exhibited an increased retention time in vivo compared with 131 I, which facilitates the imaging and therapy of U87-hNIS tumors.

Human sodium iodide transporter gene-mediated imaging and therapy of mouse glioma, comparison between 188Re and 131I