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Aberrantly methylated genes are increasingly being established as biomarkers for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, the methylation levels of the secreted frizzled-related protein gene 2 ( SFRP2) , GATA binding protein 4/5 ( GATA4 / 5 ), N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 4 ( NDRG4 ) and vimentin ( VIM ) promoters were evaluated for their use as markers in the noninvasive detection of CRC. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze promoter CpG methylation of SFRP2 , GATA4 / 5 , NDRG4 and VIM in the fecal DNA of 56 patients with CRC and 40 individuals exhibiting normal colonoscopy results. Promoter methylation levels of SFRP2 , GATA4 / 5 , NDRG4 and VIM in CRC patients were 57.1% (32/56), 42.9% (24/56), 83.9% (47/56), 28.6% (16/56) and 41.1% (23/56), respectively. Furthermore, the specificity of the genes were 90.0% (4/40), 95.0% (2/40), 82.5% (7/40), 97.5% (4/40) and 85.0% (6/40), respectively. The overall sensitivity of detection for fecal DNA with at least one methylated gene was 96.4% (54/56) in CRC patients. By contrast, only 14 of the 40 normal individuals exhibited methylated DNA in the aforementioned promoter regions. Methylation of the SFRP2 , GATA4 / 5 , NDRG4 and VIM promoters in fecal DNA is associated with the presence of colorectal tumors. Therefore, the detection of aberrantly methylated DNA in fecal samples may present a promising, noninvasive screening method for CRC.

DNA methylation analysis of SFRP2, GATA4/5, NDRG4 and VIM for the detection of colorectal cancer in fecal DNA