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The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA or miR)-140 in C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cluster analysis was used to evaluate the miRNA expression profile. The expression level of miRNA‑140 was validated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). TargetScan and microRNA.org databases were used to predict target miRNAs and cartilage‑associated target genes. Binding sites between miR‑140 and the target gene were predicted by bioinformatics software. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine whether miR‑140 could target C‑X‑C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12). Following the promotion/inhibition of miR‑140, 1, 7 and 14 days following transforming growth factor‑β3 (TGF‑β3)‑induction, western blotting was utilized to evaluate CXCL12 protein levels. MTT assays and alcian blue staining were applied to assess C3H10T1/2 MSC viability and chondrogenic differentiation, respectively. In the TGF‑β3‑induced group, RT‑qPCR verified that the mRNA level of Mus musculus (mmu)‑miR‑140 was significantly elevated when compared with the control group. miR‑140 was predicted to recognize and interact with CXCL12‑3'UTR and the dual luciferase reporter assay further validated that miR‑140 targeted the predicted region of CXCL12. CXCL12 was markedly decreased following miR‑140 overexpression and visibly increased following miR‑140 inhibition. In addition, the level of CXCL12 expression declined as the duration of induction increased. Following the promotion/inhibition of miR‑140, at 1 and 7 days following TGF‑β3‑induction, C3H10T1/2 MSCs inhibited or promoted cell viability, respectively, when compared with the control groups. In addition, in pellets achieved by chondrogenic differentiation following the induction of C3H10T1/2 MSCs for 7 days, alcian blue staining revealed no significant difference in characteristic extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycans between the miR‑140 up and downregulated groups, and their respective control groups. The present study concludes that miRNA‑140 inhibition promoted C3H10T1/2 MSC viability however, not C3H10T1/2 MSC differentiation by targeting and reducing CXCL12 protein levels during the process of TGF‑β3‑induced chondrogenic differentiation. In conclusion, the present study provided a potential target for the treatment of cartilage defection.

molecular medicine reports

miRNA-140 inhibits C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cell proliferation by targeting CXCL12 during transforming growth factor-β3-induced chondrogenic differentiation